Python Cookbook

Getting Started

To get started with the Python driver, visit Gitana Python Driver Page or the Github Page. It is written with Python 3 and can be used in any compatible project.

You can install the driver via the command line:

pip install cloudcms

or

pip3 install cloudcms

Or add something like this to your requirements.txt:

cloudcms==1.1.0

Connecting to Gitana

You can connect to Gitana by providing a config file or the oauth variables directly.

Using a Gitana JSON file

You can use a gitana.json file included in your build. It should looks something like:

{
    "clientKey": "{your client key}",
    "clientSecret": "{your client secret}",
    "username": "{your username or auth grant key}",
    "password": "{your password or auth grant secret}",
    "baseURL": "{the url to the Cloud CMS API endpoint}"
}

You will need to specify the path into upon connecting:

from cloudcms import CloudCMS

client = CloudCMS()
platform = client.connect(filename='gitana.json')

Specify Values Directly

Here is how you specify the conenctinon values directly:

from cloudcms import CloudCMS

client = CloudCMS()
platform = client.connect(baseURL='https://api.cloudcms.com',
                        clientKey='clientKey'
                        clientSecret='clientSecret'
                        username='username',
                        password='password')

Code Samples

Here are some code samples to help you get started. In these scenarios, we assume you're using the most simple connection method (providing the path to gitana.json).

In Gitana, you can have as many repositories as you'd like. And each repository can multiple branches (similar to Git). The first thing you should do is connect and get the branch that you want to work on.

For the purpose of most of these examples, we'll assume the repository ID is 1234567890abcdef1234 and the branch is master.

Get your Repository

Use the read_repository method to fetch a specific repository. The user you've logged in as must have READ permissions to the repository. If they do not have read rights, a null response is expected.

from cloudcms import CloudCMS

client = CloudCMS()
platform = client.connect(filename='gitana.json')

repository = platform.read_repository('1234567890abcdef1234')
if repository is None:
    raise RuntimeError('Unable to read repository: 1234567890abcdef1234')

Get the Master Branch

Use the read_branch method to fetch a specific branch. The user you've logged in as must have READ permissions to the branch. If they do not have read rights, a null response is expected.

from cloudcms import CloudCMS

client = CloudCMS()
platform = client.connect(filename='gitana.json')

repository = platform.read_repository('1234567890abcdef1234')
if repository is None:
    raise RuntimeError('Unable to read repository: 1234567890abcdef1234')

branch = repository.read_branch('master')
if branch is None:
    raise RuntimeError('Unable to read master branch')

Node Creation

Create a Node

{
    "title": "Custom Article",
    "_qname": "custom:article",
    "type": "object",
    "properties": {
        "title": {
            "type": "string"
        },
        "body": {
            "type": "string"
        },
        "categories": {
            "type": "array",
            "items": {
                "type": "string"
            }
        },
        "rating": {
            "type": "number"
        }
    }
}

Create a content instance of this type like this:

from cloudcms import CloudCMS

client = CloudCMS()
platform = client.connect(filename='gitana.json')

repository = platform.read_repository('1234567890abcdef1234')
if repository is None:
    raise RuntimeError('Unable to read repository: 1234567890abcdef1234')

branch = repository.read_branch('master')
if branch is None:
    raise RuntimeError('Unable to read master branch')

obj = {
    '_type': 'custom:article',
    'title': 'Article #1',
    'body': 'A still more glorious dawn awaits',
    'categories': [
        'category1',
        'category2',
        'category3'
    ],
    'rating': 5
}

node = branch.create_node(obj)

Create a Folder

In Gitana, folders are just nodes with the f:container feature on them. It must be associated to the root node to be considered part of file folder tree.

from cloudcms import CloudCMS
from cloudcms.support import QName
from cloudcms.association import Directionality

client = CloudCMS()
platform = client.connect(filename='gitana.json')

repository = platform.read_repository('1234567890abcdef1234')
if repository is None:
    raise RuntimeError('Unable to read repository: 1234567890abcdef1234')

branch = repository.read_branch('master')
if branch is None:
    raise RuntimeError('Unable to read master branch')

obj = {
    'title': 'My Folder',
}

root = branch.root_node()

folder = branch.create_node(obj)
folder.add_feature('f:container', {})

root.associate(node, QName.create(qname='a:child'), directionality=Directionality.DIRECTED)

An easier way to do this is to use the following special properties when the node is created:

• _parentFolderPath - the path to the parent folder where the created node should be linked. The folder must exist. If it does not exist, the operation will fail.
• _fileName - the f:filename to be assigned to the node once it is created.

Alternatively, you can use:

• _filePath - an absolute path where the file should be created. This allows you to specify the parent folder path and the file name at the same time,.

You can also adjust the association type (between the discovered parent folder and your newly created item).

• _associationTypeString - the QName for the newly created association. The default is a:child.

Thus, you could do:

from cloudcms import CloudCMS

client = CloudCMS()
platform = client.connect(filename='gitana.json')

repository = platform.read_repository('1234567890abcdef1234')
if repository is None:
    raise RuntimeError('Unable to read repository: 1234567890abcdef1234')

branch = repository.read_branch('master')
if branch is None:
    raise RuntimeError('Unable to read master branch')

obj = {
    'title': 'My Folder',
    '_parentFolderPath': '/',
    '_fileName': 'my_folder'
}

folder = branch.create_node(obj)

or:

from cloudcms import CloudCMS

client = CloudCMS()
platform = client.connect(filename='gitana.json')

repository = platform.read_repository('1234567890abcdef1234')
if repository is None:
    raise RuntimeError('Unable to read repository: 1234567890abcdef1234')

branch = repository.read_branch('master')
if branch is None:
    raise RuntimeError('Unable to read master branch')

obj = {
    'title': 'My Folder',
    '_filePath': '/my_folder'
}

folder = branch.create_node(obj)

Associations

In Gitana, any two nodes can be connected via an association. You can use an out-of-the-box association type, such as a:linked or a:owned or you can create your own.

Let's imagine that we have two articles that look like this:

• Article #1

{
    "_doc": "1234567890abcdef1111",
    "_type": "custom:article",
    "title": "Article #1",
    "body": "a mote of dust suspended in a sunbeam",
    "categories": ["category1", "category2"],
    "rating": 1
}

• Article #2

{
    "_doc": "1234567890abcdef2222",
    "_doc": "",
    "_type": "custom:article",
    "title": "Article #2",
    "body": "harvesting star light",
    "categories": ["category2", "category3"],
    "rating": 2
}

Let's create an association that points from the first article (1234567890abcdef1111) to the second article (1234567890abcdef2222), like this:

from cloudcms import CloudCMS
from cloudcms.support import QName

client = CloudCMS()
platform = client.connect(filename='gitana.json')

repository = platform.read_repository('1234567890abcdef1234')
if repository is None:
    raise RuntimeError('Unable to read repository: 1234567890abcdef1234')

branch = repository.read_branch('master')
if branch is None:
    raise RuntimeError('Unable to read master branch')

article1 = branch.read_node('1234567890abcdef1111')
article2 = branch.read_node('1234567890abcdef2222')

association_type_qname = QName.create(qname='a:linked')
association = article1.associate(article2, association_type_qname)

You can also find all associations around article1. This will include associations that are INCOMING, OUTGOING and MUTUAL.

associations = article1.associations()

Or find only the INCOMING associations:

from cloudcms.support import Direction

associations = article1.associations(direction=Direction.INCOMING)

Or find only the OUTGOING associations of type a:linked:

from cloudcms.support import Direction, QName

associations = article1.associations(direction=Direction.OUTGOING, association_type_qname=QName.create('a:linked'))

Query

Let's now look at querying for content. This makes use of MongoDB's query language to express some pretty powerful queries. We recommend further reading on Query with Gitana.

Let's assume that we have the following:

• Article #1

{
    "_type": "custom:article",
    "title": "Article #1",
    "body": "a mote of dust suspended in a sunbeam",
    "categories": ["category1", "category2"],
    "rating": 1
}

• Article #2

{
    "_type": "custom:article",
    "title": "Article #2",
    "body": "harvesting star light",
    "categories": ["category2", "category3"],
    "rating": 2
}

• Article 3

{
    "_type": "custom:article",
    "title": "Article #3",
    "body": "we are star stuff",
    "categories": ["category3", "category1"],
    "rating": 3
}

Basic Querying

Find all of the nodes that have a category with the value category1.

from cloudcms import CloudCMS

client = CloudCMS()
platform = client.connect(filename='gitana.json')

repository = platform.read_repository('1234567890abcdef1234')
if repository is None:
    raise RuntimeError('Unable to read repository: 1234567890abcdef1234')

branch = repository.read_branch('master')
if branch is None:
    raise RuntimeError('Unable to read master branch')

query = {
    '_type': 'custom:article',
    'category': 'category1'
}

results = branch.query_nodes(query)
print('The size was: ' + len(results))

for node in results.values():
    print('Found a result, title: ' + node.data['title'] + ', rating: ' + node.data['rating'])

Pagination

If you have a lot of potential query hits, you'll want to paginate. Here is an example where we return results starting at index 2 and hand back at most 5 results.

from cloudcms import CloudCMS

client = CloudCMS()
platform = client.connect(filename='gitana.json')

repository = platform.read_repository('1234567890abcdef1234')
if repository is None:
    raise RuntimeError('Unable to read repository: 1234567890abcdef1234')

branch = repository.read_branch('master')
if branch is None:
    raise RuntimeError('Unable to read master branch')

query = {
    '_type': 'custom:article',
    'category': 'category1'
}

pagination = {
    'skip': 2,
    'limit': 5
}

results = branch.query_nodes(query, pagination=pagination)
print('The size was: ' + len(results))

for node in results.values():
    print('Found a result, title: ' + node.data['title'] + ', rating: ' + node.data['rating'])

Sorting

Use the pagination option to sort the results as you see fit. Here we sort descending on rating.

from cloudcms import CloudCMS

client = CloudCMS()
platform = client.connect(filename='gitana.json')

repository = platform.read_repository('1234567890abcdef1234')
if repository is None:
    raise RuntimeError('Unable to read repository: 1234567890abcdef1234')

branch = repository.read_branch('master')
if branch is None:
    raise RuntimeError('Unable to read master branch')

query = {
    '_type': 'custom:article',
    'category': 'category1'
}

pagination = {
    'sort': {
        'rating': -1
    }
}

results = branch.query_nodes(query, pagination)
print('The size was: ' + len(results))

for node in results.values():
    print('Found a result, title: ' + node.data['title'] + ', rating: ' + node.data['rating'])

Query for values in a range

Find all of the articles where the rating is greater than or equal to 2.
This demonstrates the power of MongoDB's query language.

from cloudcms import CloudCMS

client = CloudCMS()
platform = client.connect(filename='gitana.json')

repository = platform.read_repository('1234567890abcdef1234')
if repository is None:
    raise RuntimeError('Unable to read repository: 1234567890abcdef1234')

branch = repository.read_branch('master')
if branch is None:
    raise RuntimeError('Unable to read master branch')

query = {
    '_type': 'custom:article',
    'rating': {
        '$gte': 2
    }
}

results = branch.query_nodes(query)

Search for Nodes

Let's now look at searching for content. This makes use of Elastic Search's DSL to express some very powerful full text and structured searches. We recommend further reading on Search within Gitana.

We also suggest reading up on Query Strings to understand how you can write searches textually (in addition to structuring them as JSON objects):

Let's assume that we have the following:

• Article #1

{
    "_type": "custom:article",
    "title": "Article #1",
    "body": "a mote of dust suspended in a sunbeam",
    "categories": ["category1", "category2"],
    "rating": 1
}

• Article #2

{
    "_type": "custom:article",
    "title": "Article #2",
    "body": "harvesting star light",
    "categories": ["category2", "category3"],
    "rating": 2
}

• Article 3

{
    "_type": "custom:article",
    "title": "Article #3",
    "body": "we are star stuff",
    "categories": ["category3", "category1"],
    "rating": 3
}

Full Text Search

Find all of the nodes with the word star. Simple enough!

from cloudcms import CloudCMS

client = CloudCMS()
platform = client.connect(filename='gitana.json')

repository = platform.read_repository('1234567890abcdef1234')
if repository is None:
    raise RuntimeError('Unable to read repository: 1234567890abcdef1234')

branch = repository.read_branch('master')
if branch is None:
    raise RuntimeError('Unable to read master branch')

results = branch.search_nodes('star')

GraphQL

You can make queries for specific fields or content in related items by using GraphQL. Here we do a simple query for just the title and body of all instances of our article type:

query = '''query {
            custom_articles {
                title
                body
            }
        }'''
results = branch.graphql_query(query)